Book Source #2

Title of the Book (in italics when typed, underlined when written)  Ex: Twilight	Creating Community Online: The Effects of Online Social Networking Communities on College Students' Experiences
Author(s) or Editor Ex: Stephanie Meyer	Scott Charles Silverman
Publisher  Ex: Little, Brown and Company	N/A
Year of Publication  Ex: 2003	2007
City of Publication Ex: New York	California
Mode of Access (Print if you read the actual book, Electronic if you found it online, or through your kindle/nook/ereader):  Ex: Print	Electronic
Eddition if indicated:	N/A

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded): EX: After having known Edward for just a few short months, Bella admits that “it would cause [her] physical pain to be separated from him now" (Meyer 283).

Because social networking sites allow high school students to talk to anyone they please, "cyber-stalking and internet predators are both severe drawbacks of online social networks" (Silverman 52).

Not only are friends checking up on other adolescents profiles but now, "some professors are using Facebook to check up on students' claims of being sick as an excuse to miss class" (Silverman 53).

Teenagers are all about making fake identifies online and, "it is not clear whether students are using the personas to explore new interests, hidden elements of their personality, a completely separate identify, or just to have fun" (Silverman 54).

It becomes a major issue when, "People lie about their age" on social networking sites to get the attention of other users online. (Silverman 55).

Other users who are online can be harmed by an individual who creates a fake profile because, "other students do not know what information is real and what is fake" (Silverman, 55).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION): 

Scott Charles Silverman is a Doctor of Education who writes a book on how the internet can cause both positive and negative effects on high school students from experience of college students. Silverman discusses the drawbacks of creating an online life, and the positive outlooks online networking sites can create for individuals. Mostly, Scott Silverman turns his attention on how high school students are affected by social networking sites. 

Credibility of Source: 
Author or Editor: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the editor. 

Scott Silverman is a gradate of University of Souther California and is now the Doctor of Education. 

Attachment: Does the author or editor have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? 

The author wrote this because to demonstrate the positive and effects of social networking sites because he is now a doctor of education and would like to educate individuals on how to steer in the right direction of becoming successful in education. 

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing? 

Scott Silverman's book is broken down into different parts. He addresses the history, the negative effects, and the positive effects so there is not bias in the author's writing. 
References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility? 

The author cites references from college students who've had experience with social networking sites. 
Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project? 

I will use this source to in my research paper to support and back up my stance.

Book Source #1

Title of the Book (in italics when typed, underlined when written)  Ex: Twilight	The Facebook Effect: The Inside Story of the Company That is Connecting the World
Author(s) or Editor Ex: Stephanie Meyer	David Kirkpatrick
Publisher  Ex: Little, Brown and Company	Simon & Schuster
Year of Publication  Ex: 2003	2010
City of Publication Ex: New York	New York
Mode of Access (Print if you read the actual book, Electronic if you found it online, or through your kindle/nook/ereader):  Ex: Print	Electronic
Eddition if indicated:	N/A

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded): EX: After having known Edward for just a few short months, Bella admits that “it would cause [her] physical pain to be separated from him now" (Meyer 283).

Facebook was founded by Mark who originally planned for Facebook to be in the English language but, "by the end of 2008 it could be used in thirty-five language" (Kirkpatrick 275).

When Spanish edition of Facebook was available to users, "within four weeks, 1,500 Spanish speakers from around the world had created a full version" (Kirkpatrick 277).

Facebook gives individuals the opportunity to speak to others at any given time but, "when a father in Saudi Arabia caught his daughter interacting with men on Facebook, he killed her" (Kirkpatrick 279).

Many people have taken every chance they have to speak on social networking sites, but "governments around the world are struggling to figure out how to handle Facebook's users when they take advantage of its freedoms" (Kirkpatrick 279).

Facebook wasn't made to ridicule others or have the chance to lower self esteem, "Facebook is to give people tools that enable them to more efficiently communicate and thrive in a world in which more and more information surrounds us all no matter what we do" (Kirkpatrick 330).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION): 

David Kirkpatrick wrote a book in how Facebook is connected all the world and has everyone wanting to publish their lives on the internet. Kirkpatrick speaks about the founder of Facebook and questions if the main reason he created Facebook was to earn money or if was a place for individuals to take advantage of their freedom of speech. David Kirkpatrick interviews the creator of Facebook to get answers.

Credibility of Source: 
Author or Editor: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the editor. 

David Kirkpatrick is the author of this book who is a journalist and the founder of Techonomy Conference. 

Attachment: Does the author or editor have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? 

The author wrote this because it is his job as a journalist to figure out what is going on with social networking sites. 

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing? 

David Kirkpatrick talks about the positive views of what Facebook has to offer but he also talks about individuals who are taking advantage of their freedom. There is not bias in his writing.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility? 

Because David Kirkpatrick interviews Mark Zuckerberg who is the founder and creator of Facebook, he does cite references and includes them in his writing so it does add to the credibility of his book. It is not simply what he believes, but what he knows. 

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project? 

I plan to use this source in my project to help both support the negative affects of Facebook as well as backing up any counterarguments there are. 

Interview

1. What do you think about social networking sites these days?

• they are the only source of communication besides cell phones.

• I think of social networking sites as a place to get to know someone that may not feel comfortable talking in real life. If not, progress a friendship or for simple communication.

• To be honest, social networking sites, I think, can be a waste of time.  For me, I have caught myself “stalking” people on Facebook rather than investing time in to doing something productive.  Not only can it be a waste of time, but there were a few psychology articles that have actually found Facebook to negatively affect mental health.  
  Contrarily, Facebook also has been a place for young ones to share news and current events, natural disasters, etc…so Facebook, if used for this purpose, can be a positive tool to share vital information among those who spend most of their time on Facebook.   Also, Facebook can be a form of self-expression and can allow people to discover things about themselves that they weren’t aware of before.  

2. What is the number one social networking site you use today?

• Facebook and Tumblr and Twitter

• Facebook

•  Facebook

3. Do you think social networking sites are the number one cause of lowering self-confidence and self-esteem?

• It may not be the number one cause of lowering self confidence but it does contribute to the idea.

• Not number one but most definitely in the top three.

• I wouldn’t say it’s the number one cause.  Remember that being in a certain situation such as unemployment or a bad break-up can lead to lowering self-confidence and self-esteem.  However, Facebook is something that definitely feeds those situations, causing people excessive and unnecessary negative emotions that can surely be avoided. 

4. How have you been affected by social networking sites lowering your self-esteem?

• Pictures of skinny girls on Tumblr.

• N/A

• I wouldn’t say that it lowered my self-esteem.  Instead, it allows me to self-reflect on the things I’ve achieved so far.  For example, if I were to look at someone’s Facebook, say someone who was “smarter” or “in a better position” than I am, my self-esteem wouldn’t be lowered.  In fact, it would motivate me to do something about my own situation.   It is a challenge, though, to really resist comparing your life with others on Facebook.   What really helps me from comparing my life to others, especially on Facebook, is that people only post what they want others to see; so really, Facebook is not a reflection of every aspect in a person’s life.  

5. How long has social networking sites been affecting the way you view yourself?

• Around three years.

• Haven't viewed myself differently.

• Everyone is different and everyone is walking down their own path, which makes us all unique from one another.  Additionally, everyone is going through some type of life circumstance that only that person knows about. That statement is something I’ve really applied and committed to my thoughts whenever I come across someone who may be in a better position than I’m in. 

6. How do you think this problem can be changed?

• Not allowing people to post pictures of themselves.

• Being comfortable with yourself and accepting who you are.

• Despite my answer above, it is still a challenge for me to actually feel completely comfortable and at-ease when looking through someone’s Facebook without the feeling of being left out or unhappy.  This could be changed by simply not logging on to this specific social networking site.  I think about the times before Facebook ever existed and I must mention that life was significantly less stressful than present time.  

7. What do you think is the cause of this problem?

• there's too much competition to be better than the next person.

• Everyone thinks there's only one way to look in order to be happy.

• Curiosity kills the cat.  My curiosity is what’s causing a downward spiral of this “almost” Facebook addiction.   I’m currently unemployed, causing extreme boredom and increasing my curiosity about the lives of my friends and families.  

8. Have you yourself tried to make things better? How?

• Nope, haven't tried to make things better.

• Accept yourself and realize that not everyone has to be a size 2. There's more to a person than the way they look.

•  I try to reduce the amount of time I spend on Facebook and invest that time into job searching, reading articles online, finding out my passion and career goals, and even watching TV (which may not be as helpful but definitely decreases the time I spend on Facebook).

9. Some researchers have found that social networking sites actually improve individual’s self-confidence. Do you think that the Internet may have some type of positive affect in an individual?

• It's a good way to keep in contact with friends and family.

• Makes pretty girls feel good about themselves. Not necessary pretty, but all girls in general.

• Knowledge is power; and in a previous answer, I mentioned that Facebook can be used as a positive tool to inform young individuals of what’s going on in our world today.  This can lead to group discussion about current events among young people, giving way to sharing of relevant knowledge and new ideas for improvement.  
  
  
  When it comes to self, the only way I think it can boost someone’s self confidence is if one were to look at another person’s Facebook page, given that person viewed may have undignified photos, inappropriate language, or broadcasting their unfortunate event to the public.   People’s confidence tends to inflate, natrualy, but it truly does take a humble person to overlook judgment and instead, be grateful of their fortune.

10. Has your self-esteem ever improved because of social networking sites? Have social networking sites ever made you feel good about yourself?

• No

• Yes, I once saw my friend talking about me in a good way and I was flattered and happy.

• Somewhat. 
  

11. Do you think people choose the way their self-esteem increases or decreases?

• Yes, some people allow it to affect them, some don't. 

• Sometimes people over think situations and let it get to their heads. There's always that one girl who knows she's pretty but posts pictures anyways to get compliments from her friends and random people on Facebook. 

•  Some people say that “it just happens.”  Obviously, people have the power to control their thoughts, and if your thought process is dependent on what is on Facebook, a change in definitely needed.  You can either let petty things, like Facebook, affect you or you can choose not to let it affect you.  There can be times when serious things arise on Facebook, and I think that’s just when you need to avoid it as much as possible.  

1. Do you think individuals are asking for their confidence level to lower as they advertise their lives on social networking sites?

• If they don't want people in their business then they shouldn't be posting it.

• Yes, why would you post things on Facebook if you didn't want anyone to see it? It's like fishing for compliments.

• In my case, when I receive notifications on Facebook, I do get a little surge of happiness, simply because I feel that people were thinking about me.  Who wouldn’t love being thought of!   But yes, I am guilty my confidence level rising when I post a certain comment, status, or picture.  In a more serious case, there are some girls who do post pictures of themselves, with the purpose of receiving compliments.  These pictures, in most cases, are provocative or just inappropriate.  I think the question people to need to ask themselves is this:  What is the purpose of posting pictures of that nature?  It would be interesting to hear an answer from someone who does such a thing.

13. What are a couple of popular social networking sites today that you think take away an individual from their family and friends?

• Facebook. It can allow you to stay in contact with family that lives far away but it takes you away from your immediate family if you spend hours on the computer.

• Facebook. People posts a lot of personal information that other friends enjoy reading.

• Facebook, Myspace, and maybe some blog sites?  Facebook definitely is number 1 on my list.

1. Is there a way to broadcast your life without your confidence going down?

• Only post what you want people to know. Don't post things looking for sympathy.

• Disable comments! You're always subjective to people commenting on what you choose to post.

• Yes, and that is to just focus on your life and to remember that your life is unique.  Not everything about that person’s life is on Facebook.  Everyone is going through some type of life event that is exclusive to that person.    

Senior Project Online Source #5

“Specific Page Title or Article Title”	Facebook Effects of Self Esteem
Primary Contributor to the Website (if given) (author, editor, producer, etc)	Beth Levine
Title of the Entire Website (not www. )	Baseline of Health Foundation
Publisher or Sponsoring Organization of the website (if given)	N/A
Date Page was Last Revised	26 March, 2011
Date You Read It	7 February, 2012
<URL address> (ALL of it)	http://www.jonbarron.org/natural-health/bl110326/facebook-improves-self-esteem

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

Although many believe that social networking sites have a negative effect on individuals, "New research shows that Facebook can actually improve your self-esteem" (Levine).

While most individuals argue that Facebook is the home to cyber-bullying, it is said that, "not all cyber-bullying takes place on Facebook" (Levine).

Researchers say that most people's self-confidence is increased because of, "being able to present their present best qualities on a site such as Facebook" (Levine).

Levine agrees that, "it is pretty hard to imagine any boost to the self-esteem of the many people who have experience cyber-bullying on Facebook" (Levine).

Many people who are for self-esteem but not for bullying asks, "wouldn't it be great if the geniuses at Facebook could write a program to weed out the bullying so that everyone could just get a daily boost to their self-esteem instead" (Levine).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION): 


Credibility of Source: 
Author or Site: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the site. What is the purpose of the site? Who funds the site? 

Beth Levine is a writer for the website Baseline of Health Foundation. The purpose of this site is to inform those individuals who are focused on living a longer and healthier lifestyle. The founder of Baseline of Health Foundation website is Jon Barron. 

Attachment: Does the author or site have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? For example, is it a cigarette business posting an article about the benefit of cigarettes, or is it a scientific community unaffiliated with the cigarette business? 

The author does not have anything to gain for this writing but to inform readers that Facebook is not a website that decreases self-esteem, although it can. She talks about the positive effects that Facebook had for users who are constantly changing their profile to better display themselves. 

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing? 

There is no bias in this article because Beth Levine starts by talking about the positive effects Facebook has for users. But further into the article, Beth Levine argues that cyber-bullying takes place on Facebook and can lower confidence.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility? 

The author talks about studies at Cornell University that have been tested to prove her point. She also talks about personal experiences with teenagers who have been affected by cyber-bullying of Facebook. All these help the author's credibility. 

Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project? 

Beth Levine states both the positives and negatives Facebook. I can use her article to help support my position. 

Senior Project Online Source #4

“Specific Page Title or Article Title”	Are you so awesome you'd friend yourself? Facebook found to be a great esteem builder
Primary Contributor to the Website (if given) (author, editor, producer, etc)	Karen Kaplan, LA Times
Title of the Entire Website (not www. )	Los Angeles Times
Publisher or Sponsoring Organization of the website (if given)	N/A
Date Page was Last Revised	3, March 2011
Date You Read It	7 February, 2012
<URL address> (ALL of it)	http://articles.latimes.com/2011/mar/03/news/la-heb-facebook-self-esteem-20110303

FIVE FACTS FROM THE SOURCE (Embedded):

Karen Kaplan suggest that if individuals, "Need a pick me up, try updating your Facebook profile" (Kaplan).

When users are need a boost in self esteem an, "exposure to mirrors, photos and recordings of one's voice encourages people to view themselves the way others see them" (Kaplan).

After being able to view their profile for three minutes, "the students who looked at their own profiles for the entire three minutes had higher self-esteem..." (Kaplan).

Having the ability to change their profile pictures, information, and activity on Facebook, "had higher self-esteem than students who didn't" (Kaplan).

Since the number on Facebook's friends list are viewable to others, "the self-esteem boost may also be traced to being reminded of how many 'friends'" (Kaplan).

Summary of Source (Three-Four Sentences of the Who, What, Where, Why, and How in your own words. NO OPINION): 
Karen Kaplan a writer of the Los Angeles Times argues that Facebook is a social networking site that actually increases individuals self-esteem. The reason why self-esteem is boosted is because of the amount of access they have to change their profile and make them look prettier and more handsome than they already are. When other viewers are to view your own profile, their comments change the way you view yourself. 

Credibility of Source: 
Author or Site: Who is the author? What training have they had? If there is no author, examine the site. What is the purpose of the site? Who funds the site? 
Karen Kaplan is the author from the Los Angeles Times website. The purpose of the site is to inform readers of outside news and news that is relevant.

Attachment: Does the author or site have anything to gain from writing this, or is it simply informative? For example, is it a cigarette business posting an article about the benefit of cigarettes, or is it a scientific community unaffiliated with the cigarette business? 
The author does not anything to gain from writing this. It seems as if she is only to argue and oppose those who continue to state that social networking sites decrease self-esteem. 

Bias: Do you detect a bias (a favoring of either side) in the author's writing? 
There is a bias in Kaplan's writing because she only sides with the fact that Facebook encourages self-esteem and helps individuals better view themselves. She does not talk about the negative side of Facebook at all.

References: Does the author cite references in the writing? If so, do these add or take away from the credibility? 
Karen Kaplan sites an academic journal called the Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking as well as talking about self-esteem test that have been proven to support her position on Facebook. 
Use of Source: How will you use this source in your project? 
This article is a counterargument that I can use in my Senior Project research paper.